July 19, 2024
An Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) is a crucial component in a standby generator installation that allows for the automatic switching of electrical loads between the utility power source and the generator.
When the utility power is interrupted or drops below a preset level, the generator starts and signals the ATS to switch the load from utility to generator power. The generator controller continues to monitor utility power conditions and signals the ATS to re-transfer the electrical load back to utility power when it recognizes the return of utility voltage. Communication is dictated by the generator controller using the N1 and N2 wires for sensing, and the 23 and 194 wires to perform the actual transfer of loads.
Regular maintenance and testing of the ATS are important to ensure the reliable and safe operation of the standby generator. Note that during a generator exercise, a transfer of loads does not occur during the exercise cycle unless utility power is lost. To test the operation of a transfer switch, a homeowner can simulate a power outage.
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